Hellere i Kragerø
En helle er en naturlig formet hule, overheng i fjellet eller store steinblokker som ligger mot hverandre som kan gi ly mot vær og vind. Hellere er formet av havet og finnes derfor oftest nær havet, men finnes også over hele landet. I Kragerø har vi mange små og store hellere, flere som har en historie bak seg. Hellere er fasinerende og mystiske, forbindes ofte med steinalder boplasser, gjemmesteder for tjuver, rømlinger og motstandsfolk under krigen. Under okupasjonen fra 1940-45 ble mange av hellerne i Kragerø vært brukt som gjemmesteder, det ble gjemt våpen og radioutstyr.
Hytta på Urfjellknuten er en heller innebygd med stokker. Her oppe gjemte det seg folk under krigen. Hytta er bygd opp igjen i senere tid, lik den som var der under krigen. Ved Langtjenn ved Årømyra er det en liten heller, som ble benyttet av hjemmefronten under krigen. Det er fortsatt rester etter den gamle hytta.
Hellerer har vært brukt som overnattingsplass blant jaktfolk, gjetere og de mest ivrige turfolk blant oss. Dette var en lettvint måte å få tak over hodet, her var det tørt og fint.
Hellere egnet seg ypperlig for bosetting og annen type bruk. Bevaringsforholdene var gode. Det er gjort mange funn i Norge etter gammel bosetting under hellere, men det jeg vet, er det ikke funnet slikt i Kragerø. Den første utgravningen av en heller i Norge, var i 1869.
I Kragerø har det ikke vært arkeologiske utgravninger under hellere, men det har vært funn i Kragerø fra den tid da hellere ble brukt som tilholdssted.
Hellere har også blitt benyttet som tilholdssted i nyere tid. På Krokheia ved Stembustølen er det en stor heller. Det var en som hette Bernt som bygde denne helleren inn med stokker som en hytte. Så seint som i 1950-årene kunne man se rester etter dette. De som har gått en del turer i Kragerø, har nok sett en del flotte hellere.
Navn på hellere har ofte kirke i seg, kanskje fordi det kunne minne om et kirkerom.
På Gustulkollene ved Sollia er det en heller som blir kalt ”Kjerka” eller ”Kjerkehelleren”. Kirkeholmen i Bjelviksund har en stor steinhelle ”Kjerka” som har en formasjon som ligner en kirke, derfor navnet. Før var det mange fiskere som overnattet under denne store helleren. Mange hellere har fått navnet etter en person som har oppholdt eller gjemt seg der. Tjuvheller er også et navn som går igjen på hellere. I Kragerø har vi to Tjuvhellere. Den største, er den store helleren ved gården Skarvang. Det var en langfingra kar som hette Ane som ble oppdaget og tatt ved denne helleren. Samme mannen hadde også tilholdsstedet sitt under to steiner som i dag blir kalt Ansteinene. Det er to steiner som danner en helle. Steinene ligger ved Ansteinsvann, vest for Ansteinsbråten. Tjuvhelleren blir i dag ofte brukt som overnattingsted av Risørspeidere og annet turfolk i forbindelse med turer til Hølsknuten og områdene rundt.
Den andre Tjuvhelleren ligger under Tjuvhellerknuten hvor det står en 2 meter høy varde på. Tjuvhelleren er en stor stein du kan gå under.
Hellestadhelleren ved Lindheim har en historie om en gutt som ble skutt med en sølvknapp og gravlagt under helleren. Han hadde druknet en jente i Hortjenn, historien står i bygdeboka.
Levangsheia har mange flotte hellere. Ved Ronsmyrknuten er det mange fasinerende fjellformasjoner, det er fjellsprekker og hellere. Ved Steinbru er det en heller, under denne helleren er det risset inn noen tegn i en stor stein. Ingen har tydet dette, da det er veldig svakt. Ved Mørkvann under en bratt hei er det en heller som har fått navnet ”Fantehiet”.
Det ble gjemt våpen og batterier under denne helleren under krigen. Det er flere store hellere og steinur rundt Mørkvann.
Tengelssteinen er en kjempestein ved Gåsmyr som danner en fin liten heller. Det var en hjuring med navnet Tengel som hadde denne helleren som sin plass på 1900-tallet. Lågåsmyrhelleren er en stor heller som ligger i enden Lågåsmyr. Dette er kanskje den største og fineste helleren i Kragerø. Den ligger i et naturreservat på Levangsheia. En annen flott heller, er på Skåtøy. Det er Hvistendalhelleren, ikke lang fra det lille kjente huset i skogen ”Pestas hus”. Hvistendahlhelleren er et stort utheng i fjellet.
Det er to store hellere på Valbergheia som er verdt et besøk, den ene ligger i nærheten av sommerfjøset på hovedstien opp til Lovisenbergknuten.
Langs kyststien på Skarbolandet ved Jansknuten og Leiken. Her går stien forbi en lang og flott heller, en naturlig severdighet.
Så har vi kanskje den mest kjente i Kragerø. Det er Brokheller på Portør. Det er store steinblokker som er satt sammen i et spennende byggverk. Bakken under Brokhelle er tørr i all slags vær, her passet det ypperlig å gjemme bort det ene og det andre. Lagring av fiskeredskaper har også helleren vært brukt til. Det er mye kullstøv i sanden, noe som tyder på at mennesker har gjort opp ild og oppholdt seg der opp igjennom århundrede.
En av steinhelleren under Sanssouciheia (bildet) skal ha vært bebodd av en som ble kalt ”Bestemor Drammen”. Det var fru Hanna Rud og hennes sønn Andreas som kom hit rundt århundreskifte 1900. De kom seilende inn Hellefjorden i en lite båt. De la til ved Båten ved den gamle veien til Kragerø som da gikk nedenom Sanssouci gård og Sanssouci bru. Fru Hanna og hennes sønn ruslet litt i området på jakt etter et overnattingssted. De fant en steinhelle i ura under Sanssouciheia. Hanna kom fra Drammen med sønnen Andreas. Grunnen var at hun ville få sønnen vekk fra alkoholen og dårlige venner. Hun var ofte å se langs veiene. Hun trillet på en gammel barnevogn med mange ting, som hun solgte. Det sies ingenting om hvor lenge hun var i distriktet, før hun og sønnen dro videre sørover. Historien står i et gammelt hefte av Arven. Det ligger rester etter linen som gikk fra bruddet og ned til Båten ved Hellefjorden. Det har nok overnattingsgjester under denne helleren i senere tid. Det var litt om de mest kjente og største hellere i Kragerø.
Dette er bare noen av mange hellere i Kragerø.
“A rock shelter is a naturally formed cave, overhang in the mountains, or large boulders leaning against each other that can provide shelter from weather elements. Rock shelters are shaped by the sea and are therefore most often found near the coast, but they can also be found all over the country. In Kragerø, we have many small and large rock shelters, many of which have a story behind them. Rock shelters are fascinating and mysterious, often associated with Stone Age settlements, hiding places for thieves, fugitives, and resistance fighters during the war. During the occupation from 1940-45, many of the rock shelters in Kragerø were used as hiding places, where weapons and radio equipment were concealed. The cabin at Urfjellknuten is a rock shelter built with logs. People hid here during the war. The cabin has been rebuilt in recent times, similar to the one that was there during the war. At Langtjenn near Årømyra, there is a small rock shelter used by the resistance during the war. There are still remnants of the old cabin. Rock shelters have been used as overnight accommodation among hunters, shepherds, and the most avid hikers among us. This was a convenient way to get shelter; it was dry and nice. Rock shelters were excellently suited for settlement and other types of use. The preservation conditions were good. Many discoveries have been made in Norway of ancient settlements under rock shelters, but as far as I know, none have been found in Kragerø. The first excavation of a rock shelter in Norway was in 1869. There have been no archaeological excavations under rock shelters in Kragerø, but there have been findings from the time when rock shelters were used as dwellings. Rock shelters have also been used as dwellings in more recent times. At Krokheia near Stembustølen, there is a large rock shelter. A man named Bernt built this rock shelter with logs like a cabin. As late as the 1950s, remnants of this could still be seen. Those who have taken many hikes in Kragerø have probably seen quite a few beautiful rock shelters. Rock shelter names often contain the word ‘church,’ perhaps because they resembled a church space. At Gustulkollene near Sollia, there is a rock shelter called ‘Kjerka’ or ‘Kjerkehelleren’ (Church Rock Shelter). Church Island in Bjelviksund has a large stone slab called ‘Kjerka,’ which has a formation resembling a church, hence the name. In the past, many fishermen stayed overnight under this large rock shelter. Many rock shelters have been named after a person who stayed or hid there. ‘Tjuvheller’ (Thief’s Rock Shelter) is also a name that is often used for rock shelters. In Kragerø, we have two Tjuvhellers. The largest one is the large rock shelter near the Skarvang farm. It was a light-fingered fellow named Ane who was discovered and caught near this rock shelter. The same man also had his hiding place under two stones that are now called Ansteinene (Ane’s Stones). These are two stones forming a shelter. The stones are located near Ansteinsvann, west of Ansteinsbråten. Today, Tjuvhelleren is often used as an overnight stay by Risør scouts and other hikers during trips to Hølsknuten and the surrounding areas. The other Tjuvhelleren is located under Tjuvhellerknuten, where there is a 2-meter-high cairn. Tjuvhelleren is a large stone that you can walk under. Hellestadhelleren at Lindheim has a story about a boy who was shot with a silver button and buried under the rock shelter. He had drowned a girl in Hortjenn; the story is in the local history book. Levangsheia has many beautiful rock shelters. At Ronsmyrknuten, there are many fascinating rock formations, including cracks and rock shelters. At Steinbru, there is a rock shelter, under which some symbols are carved into a large stone. No one has interpreted this, as it is very faint. At Mørkvann, under a steep slope, there is a rock shelter called ‘Fantehiet’ (Fool’s Den). Weapons and batteries were hidden under this rock shelter during the war. There are several large rock shelters and scree around Mørkvann. Tengelssteinen is a giant stone at Gåsmyr that forms a nice little rock shelter. There was a man named Tengel who had this rock shelter as his place in the 1900s. Lågåsmyrhelleren is a large rock shelter located at the end of Lågåsmyr. This is perhaps the largest and finest rock shelter in Kragerø. It is located in a nature reserve on Levangsheia. Another great rock shelter is on Skåtøy. It is Hvistendalhelleren, not far from the little known house in the woods called ‘Pestas hus’ (Pesta’s House). Hvistendahlhelleren is a large overhang in the rock. There are two large rock shelters on Valbergheia worth visiting; one is located near the summer barn on the main trail up to Lovisenbergknuten. Along the coastal path on Skarbolandet near Jansknuten and Leiken, the path passes by a long and beautiful rock shelter, a natural sight. Then we perhaps have the most famous one in Kragerø. It’s Brokheller at Portør. These are large boulders assembled into an exciting structure. The ground under Brokhelle stays dry in all kinds of weather, making it perfect for hiding various items. The rock shelter has also been used for storing fishing gear. There is a lot of coal dust in the sand, indicating that people have made fires and stayed there over the centuries. One of the rock shelters under Sanssouciheia (pictured) is said to have been inhabited by someone called ‘Bestemor Drammen’ (Grandmother Drammen). It was Mrs. Hanna Rud and her son Andreas who came here around the turn of the 20th century. They sailed into Hellefjorden in a small boat. They docked at Båten near the old road to Kragerø, which then passed by Sanssouci Farm and Sanssouci Bridge. Mrs. Hanna and her son wandered around the area looking for a place to stay overnight. They found a rock shelter in the cliffs under Sanssouciheia. Hanna came from Drammen with her son Andreas. The reason was that she wanted to get her son away from alcohol and bad friends. She was often seen along the roads, pushing an old baby carriage with many things that she sold. There is no mention of how long she stayed in the district before she and her son moved further south. The story is in an old booklet called Arven. There are remains of the rope that went from the quarry down to the boat at Hellefjorden. There have probably been overnight guests under this rock shelter in recent times. That was a bit about the most famous and largest rock shelters in Kragerø.
These are just some of the many.
Dette er bare noen av mange hellere i Kragerø.
“A rock shelter is a naturally formed cave, overhang in the mountains, or large boulders leaning against each other that can provide shelter from weather elements. Rock shelters are shaped by the sea and are therefore most often found near the coast, but they can also be found all over the country. In Kragerø, we have many small and large rock shelters, many of which have a story behind them. Rock shelters are fascinating and mysterious, often associated with Stone Age settlements, hiding places for thieves, fugitives, and resistance fighters during the war. During the occupation from 1940-45, many of the rock shelters in Kragerø were used as hiding places, where weapons and radio equipment were concealed. The cabin at Urfjellknuten is a rock shelter built with logs. People hid here during the war. The cabin has been rebuilt in recent times, similar to the one that was there during the war. At Langtjenn near Årømyra, there is a small rock shelter used by the resistance during the war. There are still remnants of the old cabin. Rock shelters have been used as overnight accommodation among hunters, shepherds, and the most avid hikers among us. This was a convenient way to get shelter; it was dry and nice. Rock shelters were excellently suited for settlement and other types of use. The preservation conditions were good. Many discoveries have been made in Norway of ancient settlements under rock shelters, but as far as I know, none have been found in Kragerø. The first excavation of a rock shelter in Norway was in 1869. There have been no archaeological excavations under rock shelters in Kragerø, but there have been findings from the time when rock shelters were used as dwellings. Rock shelters have also been used as dwellings in more recent times. At Krokheia near Stembustølen, there is a large rock shelter. A man named Bernt built this rock shelter with logs like a cabin. As late as the 1950s, remnants of this could still be seen. Those who have taken many hikes in Kragerø have probably seen quite a few beautiful rock shelters. Rock shelter names often contain the word ‘church,’ perhaps because they resembled a church space. At Gustulkollene near Sollia, there is a rock shelter called ‘Kjerka’ or ‘Kjerkehelleren’ (Church Rock Shelter). Church Island in Bjelviksund has a large stone slab called ‘Kjerka,’ which has a formation resembling a church, hence the name. In the past, many fishermen stayed overnight under this large rock shelter. Many rock shelters have been named after a person who stayed or hid there. ‘Tjuvheller’ (Thief’s Rock Shelter) is also a name that is often used for rock shelters. In Kragerø, we have two Tjuvhellers. The largest one is the large rock shelter near the Skarvang farm. It was a light-fingered fellow named Ane who was discovered and caught near this rock shelter. The same man also had his hiding place under two stones that are now called Ansteinene (Ane’s Stones). These are two stones forming a shelter. The stones are located near Ansteinsvann, west of Ansteinsbråten. Today, Tjuvhelleren is often used as an overnight stay by Risør scouts and other hikers during trips to Hølsknuten and the surrounding areas. The other Tjuvhelleren is located under Tjuvhellerknuten, where there is a 2-meter-high cairn. Tjuvhelleren is a large stone that you can walk under. Hellestadhelleren at Lindheim has a story about a boy who was shot with a silver button and buried under the rock shelter. He had drowned a girl in Hortjenn; the story is in the local history book. Levangsheia has many beautiful rock shelters. At Ronsmyrknuten, there are many fascinating rock formations, including cracks and rock shelters. At Steinbru, there is a rock shelter, under which some symbols are carved into a large stone. No one has interpreted this, as it is very faint. At Mørkvann, under a steep slope, there is a rock shelter called ‘Fantehiet’ (Fool’s Den). Weapons and batteries were hidden under this rock shelter during the war. There are several large rock shelters and scree around Mørkvann. Tengelssteinen is a giant stone at Gåsmyr that forms a nice little rock shelter. There was a man named Tengel who had this rock shelter as his place in the 1900s. Lågåsmyrhelleren is a large rock shelter located at the end of Lågåsmyr. This is perhaps the largest and finest rock shelter in Kragerø. It is located in a nature reserve on Levangsheia. Another great rock shelter is on Skåtøy. It is Hvistendalhelleren, not far from the little known house in the woods called ‘Pestas hus’ (Pesta’s House). Hvistendahlhelleren is a large overhang in the rock. There are two large rock shelters on Valbergheia worth visiting; one is located near the summer barn on the main trail up to Lovisenbergknuten. Along the coastal path on Skarbolandet near Jansknuten and Leiken, the path passes by a long and beautiful rock shelter, a natural sight. Then we perhaps have the most famous one in Kragerø. It’s Brokheller at Portør. These are large boulders assembled into an exciting structure. The ground under Brokhelle stays dry in all kinds of weather, making it perfect for hiding various items. The rock shelter has also been used for storing fishing gear. There is a lot of coal dust in the sand, indicating that people have made fires and stayed there over the centuries. One of the rock shelters under Sanssouciheia (pictured) is said to have been inhabited by someone called ‘Bestemor Drammen’ (Grandmother Drammen). It was Mrs. Hanna Rud and her son Andreas who came here around the turn of the 20th century. They sailed into Hellefjorden in a small boat. They docked at Båten near the old road to Kragerø, which then passed by Sanssouci Farm and Sanssouci Bridge. Mrs. Hanna and her son wandered around the area looking for a place to stay overnight. They found a rock shelter in the cliffs under Sanssouciheia. Hanna came from Drammen with her son Andreas. The reason was that she wanted to get her son away from alcohol and bad friends. She was often seen along the roads, pushing an old baby carriage with many things that she sold. There is no mention of how long she stayed in the district before she and her son moved further south. The story is in an old booklet called Arven. There are remains of the rope that went from the quarry down to the boat at Hellefjorden. There have probably been overnight guests under this rock shelter in recent times. That was a bit about the most famous and largest rock shelters in Kragerø.
These are just some of the many.